Various diseases emerge when the rainy season arrives, one
of which is a disorder of the gastrointestinal tract known as
"diarrhea" or diarrhea. The frequent occurrence of diarrhea during
the rainy season requires us to be more observant in the face. We need to know
how to recognize the symptoms of diarrhea and what steps can be taken to
provide a first treatment before being taken to a health facility. Therapy at
home is an important part of the management of acute diarrhea true because most
diarrheas begins at home and someone who has been treated to health facilities
usually continue to experience diarrhea after returning home. A person with
diarrhea should receive treatment that is right at home in order to dehydration
(lack of fluid) and malnutrition can be prevented.
Know Diarrhea
Diarrhea was epidemiologically usually defined as discharge
stool softer or liquid three times or more in a single day. In addition to a
soft consistency, sometimes encountered the presence of mucus and blood in the
stool and can also be accompanied by vomiting. In infants fully breastfed(exclusive breastfeeding), usually several times issued a softer stool or
liquid every day. Therefore, it is more practical to define diarrhea as an
increase in the frequency of bowel movements or changes in the consistency of the
stool softer so it is considered abnormal.
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| Source Image : DFID - UK Department |
First Aid at Genesis Diarrhea
1. Eat more fluids than usual to prevent dehydration
A person with diarrhea needs more fluids than usual because
body fluids are lost through feces and sometimes also accompanied by vomiting.
Dehydration can often be prevented by providing the appropriate fluid in
sufficient quantity. An assortment of household liquids can be consumed, such
as water, milk, starch water, yogurt, vegetable broth, soup, and of course the
milk for the baby. Given fluid should be easy to prepare it, acceptable,
effective, and must be safe when administered in large quantities. Very sweet
tea, soft drinks, and commercial fruit drinks should be avoided because the
sweet liquid that contains sugar is very high (> 300 mOsm / L) so
hipoosmoler and can cause osmotic diarrhea, hipernatremi, and aggravate
dehydration. Fluids with a laxative effect and stimulants such as coffee should
also be avoided.
If available at home, ORS is highly recommended to be
consumed by a person who has diarrhea. We can make your own liquid sugar salt
in the ratio: 1 teaspoon of sugar and the tip of a teaspoon of salt mixed into
200 cc of boiled water (not cold water or hot water). Some tips when going to drink
ORS:
- Choose ORS already packaged in packs (sachets) which are sold in pharmacies or drug stores because in addition to practical, the composition is right than to make your own saline solution mixed with sugar.
- Read the manufacturer's instructions and follow the instructions written in the pack so there is no error in the ORS powder mix with water so that the excessive amount or even less.
- Consult with a health provider if you are hesitant to prepare ORS.
- ORS drink a little but often so as not to further stimulate the vomiting.
- If you want to give ORS to children, you should use a spoon and not with the bottle. If vomiting occurs when the ORS, wait 10 minutes and then continue giving ORS slowly.
Additional treatment is highly recommended for all patients
with diarrhea among children under 5 years of age are giving zinc tablets.
Zinc tablets are very useful for the prevention of
nutritional disorders, to replace the deficiency of zinc is lost through feces,
and reduces the risk of recurrent diarrhea incidence of 2-3 months. For that,
do not forget to give zinc tablets for our children with diarrhea.
2. Consumption of adequate food
At the time of diarrhea, eat in small portions but often
better than eating in large quantities but rarely. After the diarrhea stops,
try to eat more than usual every day for two weeks. In children who are
breastfed, breastfeeding should continue to be given. Children aged 6 months or more must also be given semi-solid
or soft foods with a little salt and sugar.
Thus our brief discussion about Know Diarrhea, I hope that this can be a little useful knowledge for writers and readers
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